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Pinene
MonoterpeneSharp, fresh pine needle scent. Clean and invigorating, like walking through a forest.
Aroma Profile
pine fresh woody
Medical Effects
Anti-inflammatory
Strong evidenceMechanism
PGE1 pathway modulation; NF-kB inhibition
Supporting studies
Anti-inflammatory activity of alpha-pinene
Kim, D.S. et al.
Pharmacogn Mag (2015)
Alpha-pinene demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo.
Bronchodilator
Moderate evidenceMechanism
Smooth muscle relaxation in airways at low exposure levels
Supporting studies
Bronchodilator effects of alpha-pinene in human volunteers
Korean research team
Pharmacogn Mag (2015)
Alpha-pinene acted as bronchodilator at low exposure levels, potentially valuable for asthma.
Memory retention
Moderate evidenceMechanism
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition; may counteract THC-induced short-term memory loss
Supporting studies
Hippocampal Memory Enhancing Activity of Pine Needle Extract
Lee, G.Y. et al.
Sci Rep (2015)
Pine needle extract rich in pinene showed memory-enhancing activity against amnesia.
Synergies (Entourage Effect)
+
Pinene + THC
May counteract THC-induced short-term memory impairment via AChE inhibition
preclinical+
Pinene + CBD
Enhanced anti-inflammatory effects
preclinical
