Limonene
MonoterpeneBright, uplifting citrus scent reminiscent of lemon and orange peel.
Aroma Profile
Medical Effects
Anti-anxiety
Strong evidenceAdenosine A2A receptor-mediated regulation of dopaminergic and GABAergic function
30 mg THC + 15 mg d-limonene significantly reduced anxiety vs THC alone. First clinical entourage effect evidence.
Limonene upregulated dopamine levels in the striatum via A2A receptor pathway.
Antidepressant
Moderate evidenceModulation of serotonin and dopamine; increased norepinephrine
Limonene increased norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin levels in the hippocampus.
D-Limonene reduces depression-like behaviour and enhances learning and memory.
Gastroprotective
Moderate evidenceReduces gastric acid, protects gastric lining, reduces nausea
Synergies (Entourage Effect)
Reduces THC-induced anxiety while preserving therapeutic effects
clinical (Johns Hopkins 2024)Enhanced mood elevation and anti-inflammatory effects
preclinicalCombined anxiolytic effects through complementary mechanisms
preclinical
